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下面全面是对Oracle系统表的一些介绍: 数据字典dict总是属于Oracle用户sys的。 1、用户: select username from dba_users; 改口令 alter user spgroup identified by spgtest; 2、表空间: select * from dba_data_files; select * from dba_tablespaces;//表空间
select tablespace_name,sum(bytes), sum(blocks) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name;//空闲表空间
select * from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='RBS';//表空间对应的数据文件
select * from dba_segments where tablespace_name='INDEXS'; 3、数据库对象: select * from dba_objects; CLUSTER、DATABASE LINK、FUNCTION、INDEX、LIBRARY、PACKAGE、PACKAGE BODY、 PROCEDURE、SEQUENCE、SYNONYM、TABLE、TRIGGER、TYPE、UNDEFINED、VIEW。 4、表: select * from dba_tables; analyze my_table compute statistics;->dba_tables后6列 select extent_id,bytes from dba_extents where segment_name='CUSTOMERS' and segment_type='TABLE' order by extent_id;//表使用的extent的信息。segment_type='ROLLBACK'查看回滚段的空间分配信息 列信息: select distinct table_name from user_tab_columns where column_name='SO_TYPE_ID'; 5、索引: select * from dba_indexes;//索引,包括主键索引 select * from dba_ind_columns;//索引列 select i.index_name,i.uniqueness,c.column_name from user_indexes i,user_ind_columns c where i.index_name=c.index_name and i.table_name ='ACC_NBR';//联接使用 6、序列: select * from dba_sequences; 7、视图: select * from dba_views; select * from all_views; text 可用于查询视图生成的脚本 8、聚簇: select * from dba_clusters; 9、快照: select * from dba_snapshots; 快照、分区应存在相应的表空间。 10、同义词: select * from dba_synonyms where table_owner='SPGROUP'; //if owner is PUBLIC,then the synonyms is a public synonym. if owner is one of users,then the synonyms is a private synonym. 11、数据库链: select * from dba_db_links; 在spbase下建数据库链 create database link dbl_spnew connect to spnew identified by spnew using 'jhhx'; insert into acc_nbr@dbl_spnew select * from acc_nbr where nxx_nbr='237' and line_nbr='8888'; 12、触发器: select * from dba_trigers; 存储过程,函数从dba_objects查找。 其文本:select text from user_source where name='BOOK_SP_EXAMPLE'; 建立出错:select * from user_errors; oracle总是将存储过程,函数等软件放在SYSTEM表空间。 13、约束: (1)约束是和表关联的,可在create table或alter table table_name add/drop/modify来建立、修改、删除约束。 可以临时禁止约束,如: alter table book_example disable constraint book_example_1; alter table book_example enable constraint book_example_1; (2)主键和外键被称为表约束,而not null和unique之类的约束被称为列约束。通常将主键和外键作为单独的命名约束放在字段列表下面,而列约束可放在列定义的同一行,这样更具有可读性。 (3)列约束可从表定义看出,即describe;表约束即主键和外键,可从dba_constraints和dba_cons_columns 查。 select * from user_constraints where table_name='BOOK_EXAMPLE'; select owner,CONSTRAINT_NAME,TABLE_NAME from user_constraints where constraint_type='R' order by table_name; (4)定义约束可以无名(系统自动生成约束名)和自己定义约束名(特别是主键、外键) 如:create table book_example (identifier number not null); create table book_example (identifier number constranit book_example_1 not null);
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